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ANALYSIS OF CARCINOGENIC DANGER FOR WORKERS OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT PRODUCTION (ANALYTICAL STUDY USING A META-ANALYSIS)

ANALYSIS OF CARCINOGENIC DANGER FOR WORKERS OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT PRODUCTION (ANALYTICAL STUDY USING A META-ANALYSIS)

https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2007.01.060

Varyvonchyk D.V.

ANALYSIS OF CARCINOGENIC DANGER FOR WORKERS OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT PRODUCTION (ANALYTICAL STUDY USING A META-ANALYSIS)

Institute for Occupational Health of AMS of Ukraine, Kiev

Full article (PDF), RUS

The studies conducted allowed to find out that wide use of asbestos-cement articles (slate roofing, tubes, etc.) in Ukraine is due to their low price and positive technical characteristics that difier them from similar articles made of alternative materials.The risk of occurrence of malignant tumors among workers of asbestos-cement enterprises is forming due to fibres of asbestos and crystal silicon (Si02) contained in cement. The main mechanisms of neoplastic transformation of cells, target-organs under the influence of harmful industrial factors are: Fe2+- and phagocyte-dependent «oxidative stress» (caused by asbestos fibres > 10 mem, crystals of SiO, — quartz, crystobalitc), direct damage of cell genome (by asbestos fibres <10 мем), cytokine- dependent cell proliferation of target-organs (Si02).The used cumulative meta-analysis of 14 retrospective cohort studies on the mortality of workers of asbestos-cement pro¬duction over the period of 1986—2004 in Great Britain, USA, Sweden, Denmark, Italy, Russian Federation, Poland, Lithuania, allowed to reveal the increase of the relative risk of mortality from malignant tumors (RR^l ,94): without account of the type of asbestos — in pleura (RR=5,37), lungs (RR= 1,75), large intestine and rectum (RR=1,51), stomach (RR=1,22), larynx (RR= 1,01). The risk of mortality, depending on the effect of various types of asbestos, was increased: for chrysotiic asbestos — general mortality (RR= 1,23), pleura (RR=2,90), mouth and pharynx (RR=1,83), larynx (RR=1,16), large intes¬tine and rectum (RR= 1,16); chrysotilc/crocidolitc/amositc-asbcstos — general mortality (RR=1,94), pleura (RR=4,93), lungs (RR=2,06), large intestine and rectum (RR= 1,83), stomach (RR= 1,31), larynx (RR=1,11).The conclusions arc made on the less carcinogenic danger when using chrysotiic asbestos in asbestos-cement production. It was recommended to continue studies directed to analyzing risks caused by the combined exposure to chrysotiic asbestos (of various chemical composition),crystal Si02 (containing in cement) and other chemical factors (dyes).

Key words: asbestos-cement production, carcinogenic danger, asbestos and crystal silicon, relative risk, mortality from malignant tumors, meta-analysis

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