You are using an outdated browser. For a faster, safer browsing experience, upgrade for free today.

ASSESSMENT OF CARCINOGENIC HAZARD IN ASBESTOS-CEMENT PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE

2(30) 2012

DOI xxxxxxxx

Varyvonchyk D. V.

ASSESSMENT OF CARCINOGENIC HAZARD IN ASBESTOS-CEMENT PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE

SI «Institute or Occupational Health of NAMS of Ukraine», Kiev

Full article (PDF), RUS

Workers of asbestos-cement production (ACP) are exposed at workplace to no less than two production carcinogenic agents of the 1st group (by IARC Classification) — by industrial dust, containing chrysotile asbestos and crystal silicon dioxide (quartz). 17-year epidemiological studies shows, that standardized sex-aged indices of the general cancer morbidity and malignant neoplasm (MN) in target organs for chrysotile asbestos among ACP workers do not exceed population levels. The following standardized sex-aged indices for male workers demonstrate the «sufficient» degree of epidemiological evidence, by IARC criteria: high morbidity rates of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (25,8 times more as compared with the population level); low rates — prostate cancer (8,9 times). The results of epidemiological «case — control» studies showed, that depending on the ACP workers exposure to asbestos the occurrence of OR for all MN was recorded at most in storehouse workers (5,95) and in maintenance personnel (1,39) (p < 0,01) as well as in occupational groups — in general-duties men (2,94), repair-men (2,93), batcher-men (2,88) (p < 0,01); the development of MN in target-organs was exceeded significantly only for larynx cancer (5,02) (p < 0,01). An individual carcinogenic risk of chrysotile asbestos and crystal silicon dioxide for ACP workers of main professions (for 35 years of the work experience) is at «acceptable» level for the occupational exposure (ICR = 10-4—10-3) and the population carcinogenic risk of MN in target organs is 0,34 case for 35 years (1,34 per 100 000 exposed workers per year), developing due to chrysotile asbestos — by 32,3 %, to crystal silicon dioxide — by 67,7 %. Recommendations have been proposed for improvement of the control of risk management at ACP.

Key words: asbestos, asbestos-cement production, cancer, carcinogenic risk

References

    1. Kundiev Yu.I., Nahorna A.M., Varyvonchyk D.V. (2008), Profesiynyi rak:epidemiologiya ta profilaktyka [Occupational cancer:epidemiology and prevention], Naukova dumka, Kyiv, Ukraine.
    2. Lubyanova I.P., Basanets A.V., Ostapenko T.A. (2007), “A problem of asbestos-related diseases in Ukraine”, Visnyk morskoi medytsyny, 2-3, 45-50.
    3. Nahorna A.M., Kundiev Yu.I., Varyvonchyk D.V. (2008), “Cancer morbidity of workers of the asbestos-cement productions”, Meditsina truda i prom. ekologia, 3, 27-33.
    4. Chernyuk V.I., Kucheruk T.K., Lubyanova I.P. (2008), Vozmozno li besopasnoye ispolsovaniye khrizotilovogo asbesta? Opyt Ukrainy [Is safe use of chrysotile asbestos possible? The experience of Ukraine], Avicenna, Kiev, Ukraine.
    5. Asbestos (chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite, and anthophyllite) / In: A Review of Human Carcinogens: Arsenic, Metals, Fibres, and Dusts // IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.- 2012.- V. 100 C. Access: http:// monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol100C/ mono100C-11.pdf.
    6. Asbestos / UA EPA.- Accsess: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0371.htm.
    7. Dodie Fikfak M. The amphibole hypothesis - a nested case-control study of lung cancer and exposure to chrysotile and amphiboles / M. Dodie Fikfak // Arh. Hig. Rada.Toksikol.- 2003.- No 54.- P. 169-176.
    8. Goldsmith D. F. Comparative cancer potency for silica from extrapolations of human and animal findings / D. F. Goldsmith, R. P. Ruble, C. O. Klein // Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health.- 1995.- V. 21, Suppl. 2.- P. 104-107.
    9. Hodgson J. T The quantitative risks of mesothelioma and lung cancer in relation to asbestos exposure / J. T Hodgson, A. Darnton // Ann. Occup. Hyg.- 2000.- V. 44, No 8.- P 565-601.