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Comparative characteristics of cytotoxicity of solid component of welding fumes, depending on the hexavalent chromium content

ISSN 2223-6775 Ukrainian journal of occupational health Vol.16, No 2, 2020

Comparative characteristics of cytotoxicity of solid component of welding fumes, depending on the hexavalent chromium content

Demetska O.V.1, Lukyanenko A.O. 2, Movchan V.A. 1, Ryazanov A.V. 1, Paliichuk S.P. 1

https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2020.02.129

1 State Institution “Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv

2 E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv

Full article (PDF), UKR

Introduction. Despite the continuous improvement of welding materials and technologies, occupational diseases continue to be registered in representatives of welding professions. Welders are at high risk for cancer and, in this, one of the most sensitive parameters for risk assessment is the concentration of chromium hexavalent (Cr (YI)) in the breathing zone of welders.

The purpose of the research. To analyze the cytotoxicity of a solid component of welding fumes (SCWF) in welding with high-alloyed grades of serial and tested electrodes, depending on the Cr (YI) content.

Materials and methods of the research. The cytotoxicity of SCWF formed in welding with high-alloyed grades of serial electrodes with a rutile coating (five marks) and experimental electrodes with a rutile coating (five marks) and different type of a binder with the reduced content of Cr (YI) was evaluated. It was assessed by the method of rapid assessment of the toxicity of welding fumes in vitro.

Results. All samples of welding fumes’ solid component showed cytotoxic effects in vitro. The toxicity index value of a sample that did not contain Cr (YI) (test electrode "14-32"), approached the value in which the sample was considered non-toxic (66% and 70-120%, respectively).

Conclusion. The decrease of Cr (YI) content in the coating of electrodes for welding with high-alloyed chromium-nickel steels allows to reduce the level of the release of highly toxic Cr (YI) in the air, but does not significantly affect the cytotoxicity of SCWF.

Keywords: welders, welding fumes, hexavalent chromium, cytotoxicity

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