You are using an outdated browser. For a faster, safer browsing experience, upgrade for free today.

MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL FREQUENCY AS A FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL HAZARD AT THERMAL POWER STATIONS

https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2007.04.018

Nazarenko V.I.

MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL FREQUENCY AS A FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL HAZARD AT THERMAL POWER STATIONS

Institute for Occupational Health of AMS of Ukraine, Kiev

Full article (PDF), UKR

The working conditions, biological age (BA), frequency and spectrum of complaints of the state of health, rates of temporary morbidity (TM) in 407 workers of main occupations of the boiler — turbine shop (BTSh), eiectroshop (ESh), shop of thermal automation and gauging (ShTAG) TPS AC «Kyivenergo» were studied. The combined effects of physical factors the levels of which do not meet to hygienic norms is characteristic for these workplaces: noise (82-88 dBA), heating microclimate (28 32 °С), and also — uncomfortable working posture (class 3.1. of Hygienic classification of labour) and intensity ofwork (class 3.1.-3.2.). According to levels of the magnetic field (MF) of 50 Hz exposure it is possible, convetionally, to deter-mined three professional groups: electromechanics of ShTAG, controlling the metering equipment (up to 40 pT), machinists of different types in BTSh (up to 120 pT); electromechanics and electrical engineers of ESh (up to 1600 pT). By the data of the correlation analysis - three factors of the industrial environment: noise, microclimate (temperature of air) and MF of 50 Hz effect the frequency of complaints of diseases of the respiratory system (microclimate, noise), TM of the nervous system (noise) and TM of the blood circulation system (MF 50 Hz). Thus, in the group with the maximum levels of the magnetic induction (up to 1600 pT) the increase of the share of TM of the blood circulation system by 1,4—1,6 times was registered, in comparison with other groups, indicating the possibility of using the given parameter as one of indicators of unfavorable effect of 50 Hz MF on workers. The biological age of the BTSh and ESh personnel meets the IV Class of the fanctional deviation of BA from the population standard and should be considered as a risk group of work-related diseases. The pemissible exposure limit of MF 50 Hz (1758,4 pT) in Ukraine requires further specification with due account of the literature data and international regulations.

Key words: factors of industrial environment, thermal power station, electrical engineers, electroinechanics, machinists of the boiler-turbine shop, complaints of the state of health, temporary morbidity

References

  1. Kundiev YU.I., Navakatikyan A.O., Buzunov V.A. (1982), Gigiyena i fiziologiya truda na teplovikh elektrostantsiyakh [Hygiene and physiology of work at thermal power plants], Med., Moscow, Russia.
  2. Voronovskyy H.K., Denysyuk S.P., Kyrylenko O.V., Stohniy B.S., Shydlovskyy A.K. Enerhetyka svitu ta Ukrayiny. Tsyfry ta fakty.- K.: Vyd. MANU. 2005.- 404 s.
  3. Savitz DA. Magnetic field exposure and neurodegenerative disease mortality among electric utility workers// Epidemiology.- 1998.-V. 9.-P. 398-404. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001648-199807000-00009
  4. Savitz D.A., Liao D. Magnetic field exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality among electric utility workers//Amer. J. Epidem.- 1999,-V. 149.-P. 135-142. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009779
  5. Johansen C., Koch-Henriksen N. Multiple sclerosis among utility workers// Neurology.- 1999.- V.52.- P. 1279-1282. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.52.6.1279
  6. Moulder J.E. The Electric and Magnetic Fields Research and Public Information Dissemination (EMF-RAPID Program) / / Radiat. Res.- 2000,- V. 153.- P. 613-616. https://doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0613:TEAMFR]2.0.CO;2
  7. Graves A. B., D Rosner et al: Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and Alzheimer Disease.// Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord.- 1999,-V. 13,- P. 165-170. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002093-199907000-00009
  8. Sorahan T. Nichols L. Occupational exposure to magnetic fields relative to mortality from brain tumours: updated and revised findings from a study of United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers (1973-1997) // Occup. Environ. Med.-2001.-V. 58.-P. 626-630. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.58.10.626
  9. Villeneuve P.J. Agnew D.A. Brain cancer and occupational exposure to magnetic fields among men: Results from a Canadian population-based case-control study // Int. J. Epidem.-2002,-V. 31.-P. 210-217. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/31.1.210
  10. Tobor Z., Michalski J., Rokita E. Influence of 50 Hz magnetic field on human heart rate variability: Linear and nonlinear analysis// Bioelectromagnetics.-2004.- V.25. P. 474 -480. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20039
  11. Obe V.G. Controversial cytogenetic observations in mammalian somatic cells exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation: A review and future research recommendations// Bioelectromagnetics.- 2005.- V. 26.- P. 412-430. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20111
  12. Swanson J., Kheifets L. Biophysical mechanisms: a component in the weight of evidence for health effects of power-frequency electric and magnetic fields// Rad. Res - 2006.- V.478.- P. 470-478. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR3522.1
  13. Navas-Acien A., Pollan M. Interactive effect of chemical substances and occupational electromagnetic field exposure on the risk of gliomas and meningiomas in Swedish men// Cancer. Epidem. Biomark. Prev.- 2002,- V. 11.- P. 1678-1683.
  14. Charles L.E., Loomis D. Electromagnetic fields, polychlorinated biphenyls, and prostate cancer mortality in electric utility workers// Amer. J. Epidem.- 2003,- V. 157-P.683-691. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwg044
  15. Dumanskyy V.YU. Hihiyenichna otsinka sumisnoyi diyi ionizuyuchoyi radiatsiyi (tseziy-137) i mahnitnoho polya promyslovoyi chastoty: Avtoref. dyss.,.kand.med.nauk,- K.: UNHTS MOZ Ukrayiny. 1999,- 19s.
  16. Trimmel M., Schwaigcr E. Effects of an ELF (50 Hz 1 mT) electromagnetic field (EMF) on concentration in visual attention, perception and memory including effects of EMF sensitivity//Toxicol. Lett.- 1998.-Aug 96-97.-P. 377-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(98)00096-4
  17. Weaver J.C., Vaughan T.E. Biological effects due to weak electric, and magnetic fields: The temperature variation threshold // Biophys. J.- 1999,-V.76 - P. 3026-3030. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(99)77455-2
  18. Goldberg R.B. Literature Resources for Understanding Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields.- ed. Inform. Ventures. Inc., Toronto., Canada, 1999,-8p.
  19. Proposals for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (0-300GHz): Consultation Document // Nation. Rad. Protect. Board.-Chilton. Oxford - 1 May2003.- 187p.
  20. Advice on Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (0-300GHZ): Doc. of the NRPB.- 2004.- Vol.15.- No 2.-35p.
  21. Valberg P.V. Can low-level 50/60-Hz electric and magnetic fields cause biological effects? // Rad. Res.- 1997-V. 148.-P.2-21. https://doi.org/10.2307/3579533
  22. Directive 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 Apr. 2004 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (EMF)// |EN] Off. Journ. of EU, Brussels.- 30.04.2004 - L. 184/1-9.
  23. Peremennyye magnitnyye polya promyshlennoy chastoty (50 GTS) v proizvodstvennykh usloviyakh: SanPiN 2.2.4.723-98.- M3 RF.- M., 1999.- 12 s.
  24. Gigiyenicheskiye trebovaniya k videodispleynym terminalam, personal'nym elektronno-vychislitel'nym mashinam i organizatsiya raboty: SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96,- RF. M, 1996.
  25. Nikitina V.N., Lyashko G.G., Kopytenko YU.A., Ababurko L.V., Smychenko V.V. Gigiyenicheskaya otsenka elektromagnitnykh poley v elektropoyezdakh i tekhnologicheskikh zonakh metropolitena// Med truda i prom.ekol.- 2002.- No 3.- S. 16 - 18.
  26. Zmyslony M., Kubacki R. et al. Prace komisji do spraw problemow bioelectromagnetycznyh polskiego towarzystwa badan radiacyjnych// Medycyna Pracy.- 2005.-V. 56.-No 6.-P. 501-513.
  27. Hihiyenichna klasyfikatsiya pratsi. Hihiyenichni normatyvy HN 3.3.5-8-YE.6.1-083-2001- K.: MOZ Ukr., 200147 s.
  28. Metodicheskiye rekomendatsii "Ispol'zovaniye metodiki opredeleniya biologicheskogo vozrasta cheloveka v donozologicheskoy diagnostike".- K.: MOZ Ukrainy, 1990.- 14 s.
  29. Belkin A.D., Michurina S.V., Shul'gina A.V., Arkhipov S.A., Bugrimova YU.S., Verbitskaya L.V. Vliyaniye magnitnogo polya promyshlennoy chastoty i postoyannogo osveshcheniya na perifericheskuyu krov' krys//Gigiyena i sanitariya.- 2005.- No 5.- S.37-40.
  30. Rusin M.N., Fatkhutdinova L.M. Vozdeystviye elektromagnitnykh poley 50 GTS na pokazateli variativnosti serdechnogo ritma personala energoob"yektov // Med. truda i prom. ekol.- 2001.- No 11.- C. 5-9.
  31. Tobor Z., Michalski J., Rokita E. Influence of 50 Hz magnetic field on human heart rate variability: Linear and nonlinear analysis// Bioelectromagnetics.- 2004.- Vol. 25. Issue 6.- P. 474 - 480. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20039