https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2017.04.065
1 State Institution "Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv
2 Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv
Introduction. In the structure of occupational morbidity in Ukraine chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are considered as one of the most widespread and aggravating diseases, causing disability, mortality, and significant socio-economic costs. Along with the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, there are often developed diseases of the circulatory system. In many countries of the world, there is a considerable increase in the relative frequency of diseases of the circulatory system and their part in deterioration of the health of the working-age population.
The purpose of the work is to identify molecular genetic markers of genes, encoding the main components of the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease, associated with the risk of development of these diseases, or which have a resistive effect.
Materials and methods. There were surveyed 74 coal miners of the basic underground coal mine professions. The study groups were formed: 1 group (n = 36) – coal miners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with cardiovascular diseases; Group 2 (n = 38) – miners without pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. The genotypes of the genes were determined by the classic polymerase chain reaction: MMP-9 (C-1562→T), MMP-2 (C-1306→T), TIMP-2 (rs9900972), α2M (Ile1000Val), ELN (Ser422Gly), AGT (T235→C), AT1R (A1166→C), GNB3 (C825→T), EDN1 (K198→N), MTHFR (A1298→C), followed by the analysis of the length of the restriction fragments.
Results. The genotypes, associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease, have been determined: AGT*TT (OR = 6,92; 95 % CI 1,25–50,23; χ2 = 6,90; p ≤ 0,008); AT1R*CC (OR = 5,14; 95 % CI 0.90–38,31, χ2 = 4,55, p ≤ 0,03), EDN1*TT (OR = 5,97, 95 % CI 0,62–42,43, χ2 = 3,14, p ≤ 0,07). The genotypes that have been shown to be resistant to development of cardiovascular disease are: AGT*MT (OR = 0,33, 95 % CI 0,11–0,95, χ2 = 5,28, p ≤ 0,02), EDN1*GG (OR = 0,40; 95 % CI 0,13–1,17, χ2 = 3,49, p ≤ 0,06). The combinations of genotypes of biomarkers, resistant to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are: MMP-9 CC, £-2-M Ille/Ille, ELN Gly/Ser, TIMP-2 GG, MMP-2 CT (OR = 0,02; 95 % CI 0,0–2,55, p ≤ 0,09); MMP-9 CT, £-2-M Ille/Val, ELN Gly/Gly, TIMP-2 GG, MMP-2 CC (OR = 0,02; 95 % CI 0,0–2,55, p ≤ 0,09).
Conclusions. A molecular genetic study is the most perspective direction to development of measures on primary prevention of multifactorial diseases. There have been identified genotypes, associated with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease as well as the genotypes that can be used as biomarkers of resistance to development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease. The combinations of molecular genetic markers have been analyzed.
Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, molecular genetic markers