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ROLE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS FOR EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN WORKERS AT ENTERPRISES IN KYIV

ROLE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS FOR EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN WORKERS AT ENTERPRISES IN KYIV

https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2014.02.021

Granovskaya N. V.

ROLE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS FOR EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN WORKERS AT ENTERPRISES IN KYIV

Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine, Kiev

Full article (PDF), UKR


Introduction. The assessment of health of workers and morbidity, including occupational disease, due to changes in the socioeconomic structure of the country, has become strongly important. The reform of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service has made its impact on the quality of the health service for workers, resulting in elimination of the sanitary-epidemiological service from the control over organization of preventive (periodic) medical examinations, significant violations of terms of developing sanitary-hygienic characteristics of work conditions for workers, suspected to occupational diseases.


The purpose of the study. To summarize the results of preventive (periodic) medical examinations of employees of certain categories of enterprises in Kyiv in dynamic observation of 2008—2013 to identify priority areas of prevention of occupational diseases. Materials and methods. The systemized analysis of the results of preventive (periodic) medical examinations of employees in hazardous and dangerous working conditions in the dynamics of 2008—2013 was made on the basis of the accounting of forms of «operational information» concluded by TSLEK «Institute of Occupational Medicine Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» and on the data of Fund of Social Insurance from accidents at work and occupational diseases of Ukraine.

Results. It is determined that the absolute number of workers engaged in production at enterprises in Kyiv decreases and the number of employees in hazardous and dangerous working conditions - is increasing. The share of women makes about 30 % of the total number of employees in hazardous and dangerous conditions. Within 2008—2013 it was recorded 63 cases of newly diagnosed chronic occupational diseases, was distinguished groups for dispensary examination and contingents of workers needed rational employment.

Conclusions. The main sector that creates professional pathology in Kiev, is machine-building industry. There are 29,14 % workers engaged in hazardous and dangerous working conditions. In the dynamics of the observation (2008—2013) there is a tendency to reduction of the percentage of coverage of preventive medical examinations of workers of certain categories and increasing number of employees which require rational employment. Almost 51 % workers, require transfer to other types of work, but they continue to work in hazardous and dangerous conditions. The reformation of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service removed the service from the control of the organization, conducting preventive medical examinations of employees of certain categories. Taking into consideration the large number of citizens, working under the influence of harmful and dangerous production factors there is an extremely important priority to develop methods of preventing occupational diseases.


Key words: occupational diseases, clinical examination, preventive medical examinations, prophylaxis

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