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Identification of hazard on workers from complex exposure to pyrethroid insecticides based on alpha-cypermethrin using new toxicological data

Identification of hazard on workers from complex exposure to pyrethroid insecticides based on alpha-cypermethrin using new toxicological data

ISSN 2223-6775 Ukrainian journal of occupational health Vol.18, No 1, 2022


https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2022.01.052

Identification of hazard on workers from complex exposure to pyrethroid insecticides based on alpha-cypermethrin using new toxicological data

Yastrub T.A.
State Institution “Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kyiv


 Full article (PDF), ENG

Introduction. More than 30 pesticide preparations based on alpha-cypermethrin, a non-systemic insecticide of contact and intestinal action, one of the most active isomers of cypermethrin, have been registered and widely used in Ukraine. The identified effects of developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) became the basis for revisiting and reducing the acceptable daily intake (ADI), acute reference dose (ARFD) and acceptable operator exposure (AOEL) values.

Purpose of the study. Toxicological and hygienic assessment and identification of the danger of complex (inhalation and dermal) effects of alpha-cypermethrin in professional use, taking into account new toxicological data.

Materials and methods. The object of research are insecticidal pesticides based on alpha-cypermethrin and occupational conditions of their use in agriculture taking into account different methods of application. The subject of the study was the exposure and absorbed doses of alpha-cypermethrin, which were calculated using a prognostic model of risk assessment. The risk of complex (inhalation and dermal) exposure of alpha-cypermethrin on workers was characterized by the hazard factor (HQ), calculated as the ratio of absorbed doses and AOEL. The research also included an analysis of scientific publications on the new toxicological effects of synthetic pyrethroids, including alpha-cypermethrin, and reports from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Methods of information-analytical, bibliosemantic method, methods of systemic, comparative and content analysis were used.

Results. The potential danger of inhalation and dermal exposures from the use of alpha-cypermethrin-based insecticides has been identified. Hazard factors calculated for different application methods characterize the risk of adverse effects of alpha-cypermethrin on workers as high. Dermal exposure has been shown to make the largest contribution to the total risk. The necessity of taking managerial measures aimed at reducing the risk is substantiated.

Conclusion. The application of risk assessment methodology in the study of occupational conditions for pesticides in agriculture allows to identify hazards based on new scientific data, develop appropriate regulations for a high level of protection and implement them in practice for quality post-registration monitoring. It is important to inform workers about the possible risks of exposure to alpha-cypermethrin and insecticides based on it.

Key words: pesticide alpha-cypermethrin, toxicological assessment, risk assessment of complex occupational exposure.

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